Jewel 宝石
To minimize friction in the most important bearings, jewels are affixed to the anchor pallets and ellipse. Various jewels are the bearing jewels, endstones, pallet jewels and impulse-pins. A movement with a large number of jewels doesn’t necessary mean that that movement is of particularly high quality. Just the opposite: it is often the case that the dials of cheaper watches indicate that a great many jewels have been set into the movement, thus suggesting that the movement must be of good quality. In such watches, however, the jewels are only rarely placed at locations where they could truly serve some worthwhile purpose. A precision hand-wound watch requires at least 15 functional jewels: 10 bearing jewels, 2 endstones for the balance, 2 pallet jewels for the anchor, and 1 impulse-pin (ruby pin). An optimal arrangement can be achieved with 18 jewels. In complicated watches (e.g. a watch with automatic winding, chronograph functions or repeater chimes), the minimum number of necessary jewels increases.
为了减少重要轴承的摩擦力，擒纵锚棘爪和椭球体上会加装宝石，包括轴承宝石、端石、棘爪和推动宝石。石数多并不表示机芯质量优良。事实刚好相反，价钱相宜的表款强调机芯镶嵌宝石的数量，以暗示机芯的良好质量。这些表款里的宝石通常没有真正用途。精密的手动上链表款需要至少15颗宝石：10颗轴承宝石、摆轮的2颗端石、擒纵锚的2颗棘爪宝石、还有1颗推动宝石（红宝石）。以18石就可以做出理想的设计。复杂菜单款（如具自动上链、计时秒表功能、或报时）需要的基本石数还要更多。
Jewels石数
The international designation for the rubies or other stones in a watch-movement.
机芯使用红宝石或其他宝石数目的国际定义。
Jump Seconds跳秒
A jump seconds (also dead beat seconds, seconde morte in French) means that the seconds hand of a watch makes one move per second and in the time within two seconds, just "stands still\". The opposite is called the \"Sweep second\" (Seconde trotteuse in French) which is more common in mechanical watches. Here, the seconds hand moves five times/steps within one second´s time. Since these steps are very small, the human eye can hardly distinguish between one and the next. They are rather perceived as a gradual, very slow flowing movement. That is why the \"normal\" seconds are called \"schleichende Sekunde\" as a contrast to the jumping seconds.
跳秒（法文为seconde morte）意味表款的秒针每秒只会移动一次，在两秒的时间内都保持静止。相对于机械表常见的滑动秒针（Sweep second，法文为Seconde trotteuse）：也就是在一秒内秒针会移动五次，因为每次移动距离都很小，肉眼无法区分，便将它视为逐步的缓慢运动。因此相对于跳秒的「正常」秒针都被称为Schleichende Sekunde。
Jump-type hour display跳时显示
A watch-movement in which the hour-hand has been replaced by a disk marked with the twelve numerals that correspond to the hours. A small additional mechanism ensures that this disk jumps ahead 30º at the conclusion of each successive 60-minute interval, thus allowing the next numeral to appear within the aperture cut into the dial.
这种机芯以标有12小时数字的圆盘取代时针。小型额外机件确保圆盘每60分钟就往前跳30度，使下一个数字出现在表盘窗口内。
Lever escapement杠杆式擒纵机构
Escapement by means of an anchor with pallets, also known as a Swiss lever escapement. Invented circa 1715 by English watchmaker G. Graham. Types of lever escapement include: English lever escapement, Glashütte escapement, Swiss lever escapement.
运用棘爪擒纵锚的擒纵机构，也称为瑞士杠杆式擒纵机构 (Swiss lever escapement)。英国表匠G. Graham约于1715年发明这种装置。有英国杠杆式擒纵机构、萨克森擒纵机构、和瑞士杠杆式擒纵机构三种。
Lunation月相
See phases of the moon.
请参考月相 (phases of the moon)。