Date display日期显示
Indication of the date may be either analogue by means of a hand or digital by means of a printed disk. The hand or ring rotates once about its own axis every 31 days. Each night (near midnight), the dial-train (motion-work) propels them one increment further along. In mechanical watches, the date display requires manual adjustment at the end of each month which has fewer than 31 days. Adjustment is usually performed either by depressing a push-piece in the edge of the case, via the crown and dial-train (rapid adjustment via forward or backward motion of the hand between circa 10:00 p.m. and midnight). or with the help of a special rapid adjustment button situated directly atop the winding-crown. This button brought into its intermediate position and turned until the date display shows the correct date.
日期可以行针或数字方式显示。指针或圆环每31天自转一周。每晚（近午夜时）齿轮组会使它前进一格。如果当月少于31天，机械表的日期显示就必须在月底的时候手动调整。调整方式包括按下表壳侧面的按钮、透过表冠和表盘齿轮组（夜间10点和午夜前后让指针向前或后进行快速调整）、或运用直接装置在表冠上的特殊快速调整钮。也就是将该钮调到中间位置再转动，直到显示正确日期。
Deviation of rate运行速率误差
Daily deviation between 0 and +15 seconds. These are the tolerances accepted by Chronoswiss.
Chronoswiss只接受每日运行速率误差在0到+15秒之间。
Digital time display数字时间显示
The time is expressed in the form of numerals.
时间以数字方式显示。
Domed crystal 弧形表镜
A convex pane of transparent material (usually artificial sapphire) covering a watch’s dial.
覆盖表盘的弧形透明材质（通常是蓝宝石水晶）。
Ébauche半成品机芯
French term for an incomplete watch-movement lacking its escapement and/or mainspring.
法国名词，指的是未有装上擒纵机和/或发条的机芯。
Enamel (French: email) 珐琅（Enamel, 法文为email）
A colored or transparent layer of vitreous material which protects or decorates its metal substrate. From a chemical point of view, enamel is a special type of glass which can be colored white by mixture of antimony, zircon oxide, titanium dioxide or colored other hues by mixture of other coloring agents. The glassy material melts at 1,200º Celsius and is subsequently quenched. The resulting grains are ground to a powder together with coloring agents. Finally, the enamel is either brushed or sprayed, or else the object is dipped into an enamel bath, so that the well-cleansed metal substrate is completely covered with enamel, which is then heated in a special kiln to between 800º and 900º Celsius.
彩色或透明的玻璃状材质，功能为保护或修饰金属基底。从化学角度来看，珐琅是一种特殊的玻璃，可混入锑、氧化锆、二氧化钛等使之变白，或加入其他着色剂产生别的颜色。这种玻璃材质先在摄氏1200度高温下融化再使之冷却，把提炼到的颗粒混入着色剂磨成细粉，再以刷或喷的方式将细粉固定在物料表面，或将物料浸入珐琅溶液，使珐琅完全覆盖金属基底，最后以摄氏800到900度窑烧。
Engine-turning 车床加工
The engraving of interwoven geometric forms (guilloché) onto a metal surface is accomplished mechanically by an artisan who guides an engraving tool equipped with various mechanical gears.
制表工匠使用装有各种机械装置的雕刻工具，在金属表面制作交错的几何造型（纽索纹）。
Escapement 擒纵系统
Energy from the mainspring is conveyed through the gear-train to the escapement, which further conveys this energy to the oscillating system (balance, balance-spring) of a watch. It consists of the escape-wheel and its pinion, the lever with its two pallets, the fork of the anchor, the guard-pins and the table-roller with the ellipse and the safety-roller. The two rollers are attached to the balance-staff and move to and fro in harmony with the beats of the balance. Swiss lever escapement. The escapement of a mechanical wristwatch performs extraordinarily demanding work: if the frequency of the balance is 28,800 beats per hour, then it allows the gear-train to advance 691,200 times every 24 hours. Within four years’ time, this amounts to more than one billion impulses which are conveyed through the escapement. This work is six times more grueling than that performed by the human heart.
发 条提供动力，透过齿轮传至擒纵系统，后者接着将动力传送到摆轮机构（摆轮和游丝）。擒纵系统包括擒纵轮和其小齿轮、装有双棘爪的马仔、擒纵锚叉、防护栓、 和滚珠台，包括椭球体和滚珠轴承。这两个滚轴连在摆轮棒上，随着摆轮的节拍前后运动。一般的瑞士杠杆擒纵机构的运作要求十分严格：如果一小时振动28,800次，齿轮组每24小时就会前进691,200次。四年下来透过擒纵机构的脉冲会超过十亿次。这比人类心脏的工作还要沉重六倍。
Établisseur 专业组装厂
(No English equivalent). An enterprise in the watchmaking industry which occupies itself exclusively with the assembly (remontage) of watches ébauches the établisseur purchases from specialized suppliers.
（没有对应的英文名词）专门组装 (remontage) 购自专业供货商的半成品机芯(ébauches)。
Étanche 防水
(French: water-resistant). One thing should be carefully considered: information about the degree of water-resistance is based on momentary measurements and is not guaranteed to be valid for the lifetime of the watch. Manipulations on the case, aging of the insulating material or severe variations in temperature (e.g. ending a sunbath with a plunge into cold water) can allow water to penetrate into even the most water-resistant watch case and can necessitate costly repairs. The recommendation in the owner’s manual, which suggests that water-resistant watches should be competently checked once each year, ought to be taken seriously.
（法文为防水的意思）有一点需要特别注意：防水指标基于短时间测量的结果，并不保证该表款永久防水。更换表壳、绝缘材质老化、或温度急遽变化（如日光浴后浸入冷水）都可能让液体入侵防水表壳。消费者应该正视使用手册的建议 – 每年完整检测防水性能一次。
Fine regulation 微调机件
A mechanism for finely adjusting the daily deviation of rate. There are various mechanisms to accomplish this adjustment, e.g. the elegant swan’s neck mechanism or the one with an eccentric screw. A common but erroneous opinion is that fine regulation can lead to greater precision. The fact is that an ordinary regulator (index) can be used to exactly regulate a watch, although this task requires a great deal of manual dexterity.
可微调每日运行速率误差的机件。能达到此目的的机件有很多种，如典雅的鹅颈机件或有偏心螺丝的机件。一般认为微调机件有助于提高精确度，事实是可用常见的快慢针来精确调整，而该工作需要人手仔细操作。
Fly-back hand 飞返指针
An additional hand affixed to the arbor of the wheel which propels the seconds-hand. A fly back hand makes it possible to simultaneously time the duration of two or more sequences if they both begin at the same moment but last for unequal lengths of time. This is the situation, for example, in athletic races. The fly back hand. is coupled to the chronograph hand via a complex and costly mechanism. A special push-piece enables the user to momentary arrest the motion of the fly back hand (e.g. to read an intermediate time) and then instantaneously advance it to overlap the chronograph hand, which has continued to move uninterruptedly.
额 外指针固定在齿轮轴上，后者提供秒针的动力。如果两件事一起发生，虽然长短不同，飞返指针可同时测量这两件事的时间长短，例如运动竞赛。飞返指针透过复杂 而昂贵的机件连结计时秒表的指针，特殊按钮让用户暂停飞返指针的动作（如读取中间的时间），再使该指针立刻追上一直持续运行的计时秒表指针。
Frequenz
Anzahl der Halbschwingungen/Sekunde (Maßeinheit = Hertz). Ein Sekundenpendel vollzieht eine Schwingung in 2 Sekunden, deshalb beträgt die Frequenz 1/2 Hertz (Hz). Eine Armbanduhr, deren Unruh 18.000 Halbschwingungen/Stunde vollzieht, besitzt eine Frequenz von 2,5 Hz. Schnellschwinger mit 28.800 Halbschwingungen/Stunde eine Frequenz von 4 Hz.
Frequency 频率
Number of half cycles / second (unit = hertz). A second pendulum undergoes a vibration in 2 seconds, so the frequency is 1 / 2 Hertz (Hz). A wristwatch, whose balance 18,000 vibrations / hour takes place, has a frequency of 2.5 Hz oscillator with fast 28.800 vibrations / hour, a frequency of 4 Hz
半周期数/秒（单位 =赫兹）。第二次摆锤经历了2秒的振动，这样的频率是1 / 2赫兹（Hz）。一枚每小时振动18,000次的腕表，具有2.5赫兹的振频，可每小时快速振动28,800次，即曷4赫兹的频率。
Full calendar 全历表
A complete calendar showing the current day, date and month. Manual adjustment of the date and month are required at the end of each month which has fewer than 31 days.
全历表可显示当下日期、星期、和月份。如果当月少于31天，就必须在月底的时候手动调整日期和月份。